First is the perfume of morality: when there is no error in one's own mind, no evil, no envy or jealousy, no greed or hatred, no robbery or injury, this is called the perfume of morality.
Second is the perfume of stability: seeing the good and bad characteristics of objects without disturbance in one's own mind is called the perfume of stability.
Third is the perfume of wisdom. When one's own mind has no obstruction, and always observes one's own nature with insight, one does not do anything bad. Even when one does good, the mind does not cling to it. Respectful of elders while considerate of the young, one is sympathetic and compassionate to the orphaned and the impoverished. This is called the perfume of wisdom.
Fourth is the perfume of liberation. When one's own mind does not fixate on objects, does not think of good, does not think of bad, is free and unobstructed, that is called the perfume of liberation.
Fifth is the perfume of liberated knowledge and vision. Once one's own mind is not fixated on anything, good or bad, it will not do to sink into vacuity and keep to quiescence; one should study broadly and learn a lot, recognize one's own original mind and master the principles of the buddhas, harmonize enlightenment to deal with people, free from egotistic personality, unchanging right up to the attainment of the true nature of enlightenment. This is called the perfume of liberated vision and knowledge.
---The Sutra of Hui-neng---
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