When you excite the mind about cultivating the mind, with arbitrary views of right and wrong, inwardly you do not realize the formless truth. This is call being material.
When you keep to simplicity in your inner mind and do not practice respect and charity, if you just say the simple mind is buddha and do not cultivate virtue and knowledge, that is called being immaterial.
If you do not comprehend the middle way, but see and hear and think and ponder, fixated on the externals of doctrine, talking about the conduct of Buddha without applying it in your own mind, that is called having thinking.
Confused people who sit in meditation fanatically trying to get rid of illusion and do not learn kindness, compassion, joyfulness, equanimity, wisdom, and expedient skills, and so are like wood or stone, without any function, are called nonthinking.
---Hui-neng, in his commentary on The Diamond Sutra---
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